Question 41 - 50
#Q. 41. What's the output?
!!null;
!!'';
!!1;
javascript
- A: false, true, false
- B: false, false, true
- C: false, true, true
- D: true, true, false
💡 Answer
Answer: B
null
is falsy. !null
returns true
. !true
returns false
.
""
is falsy. !""
returns true
. !true
returns false
.
1
is truthy. !1
returns false
. !false
returns true
.
#Q. 42. What does the setInterval
method return in the browser?
setInterval(() => console.log('Hi'), 1000);
javascript
- A: a unique id
- B: the amount of milliseconds specified
- C: the passed function
- D:
undefined
💡 Answer
Answer: A
It returns a unique id. This id can be used to clear that interval with the clearInterval()
function.
#Q. 43. What does this return?
const name = 'Lydia'
[...name]
javascript
- A: ["L", "y", "d", "i", "a"]
- B: ["Lydia"]
- C: [[], "Lydia"]
- D: [["L", "y", "d", "i", "a"]]
💡 Answer
Answer: A
A string is an iterable. The spread operator maps every character of an iterable to one element.
#Q. 44. What's the output?
function* generator(i) {
yield i;
yield i * 2;
}
const gen = generator(10);
console.log(gen.next().value);
console.log(gen.next().value);
javascript
- A: [0, 10], [10, 20]
- B: 20, 20
- C: 10, 20
- D: 0, 10 and 10, 20
💡 Answer
Answer: C
Regular functions cannot be stopped mid-way after invocation. However, a generator function can be "stopped" midway, and later continue from where it stopped. Every time a generator function encounters a yield
keyword, the function yields the value specified after it. Note that the generator function in that case doesn’t return the value, it yields the value.
First, we initialize the generator function with i
equal to 10
. We invoke the generator function using the next()
method. The first time we invoke the generator function, i
is equal to 10
. It encounters the first yield
keyword: it yields the value of i
. The generator is now "paused", and 10
gets logged.
Then, we invoke the function again with the next()
method. It starts to continue where it stopped previously, still with i
equal to 10
. Now, it encounters the next yield
keyword, and yields i * 2
. i
is equal to 10
, so it returns 10 * 2
, which is 20
. This results in 10, 20
.
#Q. 45. What does this return?
const firstPromise = new Promise((res, rej) => {
setTimeout(res, 500, 'one');
});
const secondPromise = new Promise((res, rej) => {
setTimeout(res, 100, 'two');
});
Promise.race([firstPromise, secondPromise]).then((res) => console.log(res));
javascript
- A: "one"
- B: "two"
- C: "two" "one"
- D: "one" "two"
💡 Answer
Answer: B
When we pass multiple promises to the Promise.race
method, it resolves/rejects the first promise that resolves/rejects.
To the setTimeout
method, we pass a timer: 500ms for the first promise (firstPromise
), and 100ms for the second promise (secondPromise
).
This means that the secondPromise
resolves first with the value of 'two'
. res
now holds the value of 'two'
, which gets logged.
#Q. 46. What's the output?
let person = { name: 'Lydia' };
const members = [person];
person = null;
console.log(members);
javascript
- A: null
- {"B: [null]"}
- {"C: [{}]"}
- {"D: [{ name: 'Lydia' }]"}
💡 Answer
Answer: D
First, we declare a variable person
with the value of an object that has a name
property.
Then, we declare a variable called members
. We set the first element of that array equal to the value of the person
variable. Objects interact by reference when setting them equal to each other. When you assign a reference from one variable to another, you make a copy of that reference. (note that they don't have the same reference!)
Then, we set the variable person
equal to null
.
We are only modifying the value of the person
variable, and not the first element in the array, since that element has a different (copied) reference to the object. The first element in members
still holds its reference to the original object. When we log the members
array, the first element still holds the value of the object, which gets logged.
#Q. 47. What's the output?
const person = {
name: 'Lydia',
age: 21,
};
for (const item in person) {
console.log(item);
}
javascript
- {'A: { name: "Lydia" }, { age: 21 }'}
- {'B: "name", "age"'}
- {'C: "Lydia", 21'}
- {'D: ["name", "Lydia"], ["age", 21]'}
💡 Answer
Answer: B
With a for-in
loop, we can iterate through object keys, in this case name
and age
.
Under the hood, object keys are strings (if they're not a Symbol).
On every loop, we set the value of item
equal to the current key it’s iterating over. First, item
is equal to name
, and gets logged.
Then, item
is equal to age
, which gets logged.
#Q. 48. What's the output?
console.log(3 + 4 + '5');
javascript
- A: "345"
- B: "75"
- C: 12
- D: "12"
💡 Answer
Answer: B
Operator associativity is the order in which the compiler evaluates the expressions, either left-to-right or right-to-left. This only happens if all operators have the same precedence. We only have one type of operator: +
. For addition, the associativity is left-to-right.
3 + 4
gets evaluated first. This results in the number 7
.
7 + '5'
results in "75"
because of coercion. JavaScript converts the number 7
into a string, see question 15. We can concatenate two strings using the +
operator. "7" + "5"
results in "75"
.
#Q. 49. What's the value of num
?
const num = parseInt('7*6', 10);
javascript
- A: 42
- B: "42"
- C: 7
- D: NaN
💡 Answer
Answer: C
Only the first numbers in the string is returned. Based on the radix (the second argument in order to specify what type of number we want to parse it to: base 10, hexadecimal, octal, binary, etc.), the parseInt
checks whether the characters in the string are valid. Once it encounters a character that isn't a valid number in the radix, it stops parsing and ignores the following characters.
*
is not a valid number. It only parses "7"
into the decimal 7
. num
now holds the value of 7
.
#Q. 50. What's the output?
[1, 2, 3].map((num) => {
if (typeof num === 'number') return;
return num * 2;
});
javascript
- A: []
- B: [null, null, null]
- C: [undefined, undefined, undefined]
- D: [ 3 x empty ]
💡 Answer
Answer: C
When mapping over the array, the value of num
is equal to the element it’s currently looping over. In this case, the elements are numbers, so the condition of the if statement typeof num === "number"
returns true
. The map function creates a new array and inserts the values returned from the function.
However, we don’t return a value. When we don’t return a value from the function, the function returns undefined
. For every element in the array, the function block gets called, so for each element we return undefined
.